Buying a Hearing Aid

Impaired hearing is among the most common health problems in the United States. For some people, medical or surgical treatment may alleviate hearing loss, while others receive considerable benefit from hearing aids. Choosing the right hearing aid requires both professional assistance and some personal research. The Better Business Bureau offers the following suggestions to help consumers seek out the best hearing assistance devices for their needs.

Federal Regulations

Food and Drug Administration regulations state that a hearing aid dispenser may "not sell you a hearing aid unless you have a physician's statement that your hearing loss has been medically evaluated and you may be considered a candidate for a hearing aid."

However, if you are 18 or older and have carefully considered the state of your own health, you may waive the medical evaluation. In such cases, the dispenser must: (1) inform you that the waiver is not in your best interest; (2) not in any way actively encourage the waiver; (3) afford you an opportunity to sign a written statement of waiver. In addition, the hearing aid dispenser must provide you with a copy of a user instructional booklet before you buy an aid, and review its contents with you. Also, no type of medical treatment or remedies may be offered or provided by a hearing aid dispenser unless he/she is a licensed physician.

How New York State Legislation Protects You

To help consumers seeking the hearing aid that best suits their needs, it is important to be aware of these relevant consumer laws.

1) All hearing aid dealers (those in the business of fitting and selling or renting hearing aids) must be registered with the New York Secretary of State.

2) No one may sell you a hearing aid unless you have been examined by a physician licensed in New York State whose practice is limited to problems of ears, pharynx, and larynx. If over 18, however, you do have the right to waive the medical evaluation per federal guidelines.

3) No dealer may sell or rent you a different type of hearing aid than that recommended by the physician without first consulting and securing his/her changes in the recommendation.

4) When purchasing or renting a hearing aid, your receipt or contract must include the following information: cost of the hearing aid plus any accessories; make and model; terms of the warranty; name, business address and registration number of the seller; cost of services; a statement regarding whether the hearing aid is new, used or reconditioned.

5) Hearing aid purchases must be accompanied by a written 45-day money-back guarantee that states if you return the hearing aid within that period, you are entitled to your money back, except for 10% of the purchase price, as long as wear and tear on the device is reasonable

6) No dealer may represent to you that any hearing aid or device is a new invention or involves a new mechanical or scientific principle when such is not the case.

7) No hearing aid dealer may assert that any hearing aid will restore or preserve your hearing.

8) The dealer from whom you purchased the hearing aid must accept your hearing aid for repair and necessary service. The dealer then may refer the repair to the manufacturer or supplier.

9) S191.14 of the NYS Department of State's Rules and Regulations governing advertising by hearing aid dealers states that, "No advertisement shall be issued indicating that the registrant shall provide any type of medical or audiological examination or that registrant's services have been recommended by any physician or audiologist or by the State."

Types of Hearing Loss

Before you take steps to treat hearing loss, you should talk to a medical specialist to determine what type of loss you suffer. Hearing loss falls into two categories: conductive, where causes may have organic roots such as earwax blockage or middle ear infection; and sensorineural, where causes may involve damage to hair cells and/or nerve fibers in the ear. Hearing aids assist in correcting this type of hearing loss.

Choosing the Right Hearing Aid

Before going to a hearing aid dispenser, consider checking with the Better Business Bureau for the company's reliability report. During your appointment, talk with your hearing professional about how hearing loss affects your life, and any problems you may have that may affect your use of hearing aids. For example, if you have trouble picking up small objects, you may find an "in the ear" aid difficult to place correctly. A thorough discussion of your physical abilities and lifestyle interests will help the specialist determine the most useful hearing device for you.

Types of Hearing Aids

Hearing aids may be used for only one ear ("monaural") or one for each ear ("binaural"). All hearing aids use a microphone, amplifier, loudspeaker and batteries, but depending on the programmability of each model, settings and results will differ. Hearing aids come with basic analog functions, which have a limited adjustment range; programmable analog, which allows for a more sophisticated adjustment and/or multiple settings; and digital, which provides the widest range of settings and clarity, but may not prove cost effective. Additional hardware such as directional microphones or telephone adapters ("telecoils") may enhance your hearing aid's usefulness. Talk with an audiologist to determine the best technology for your needs and budget.

There are four basic styles of hearing aids:

  • The "in-the-ear" aid, which fits directly into the ear canal. Lightweight, with no external wires, these aids are generally effective for very mild to severe hearing loss.
  • The "behind-the-ear" aid is small and has the microphone, amplifier and receiver in one unit connected to the ear mold by a short plastic tube. These aids work for hearing losses ranging from mild to severe.
  • The "eye glass" aid is similar to the "behind-the-ear" model except that the eyeglass frame has a built-in aid.
  • The "body" aid has a larger microphone, amplifier and power supply in a case. This aid is most suitable for people with severe to profound hearing loss.

Before Signing a Contract

Ask about a trial period. Adjusting to a new device takes time, and a hearing aid that appears effective in the dealer's office may not work well in your home or office. Request that your contract indicate the length of the trial period and any fees incurred. In addition, in accordance with the NYS Department of State guidelines, you have 45 days to return a hearing aid you have purchased if you are dissatisfied with it. Check to see if you can easily operate the controls (tone, volume and the telephone switch).

Ask how many follow-up visits and adjustments are included in the price of the hearing aid. Find out what services and repairs are free of charge, and how long will they be done free. Consider signing up for support groups and/or classes to teach you about hearing loss and hearing aids if the company offers these services. Find out what maintenance costs (batteries, cleaners, service, etc.) will be involved with each hearing aid you are considering. Make sure you understand the warranty or guarantee offered and that your contract includes this information in writing. Ask about usual repair time, where repairs take place, and if "loaner" devices may be available during the wait.

If you require financial assistance to obtain a hearing aid, you may wish to contact one of the social service organizations, the state vocational, rehabilitation or public health departments, your local welfare office or Veterans Administration.

For more information, contact:

Better Business Bureau
(800) 828-5000
www.bbb.org

New York State Department of State
Division of Licensing Services
(518) 474-4429
www.dos.state.ny.us

Food & Drug Administration
(888) 463-6332
www.fda.gov

Association of Late Deafened Adults
(877) 907-1738 (V/FAX)
(708) 358-0135 (TTY)
www.alda.org

National Institute on Deafness & Other Communication Disorders Information Clearinghouse
(800) 241-1044
www.nidcd.nih.gov

Self Help for Hard of Hearing People, Inc. (SHHH)
(301) 657-2248 (V)
(301) 657-2249 (TTY)
www.shhh.org

This report is general in nature and is not intended as a reliability report on any company, service or product.